iRead recap: Dr. Susan Schoenbohm

Susan Schoenbohm was the iRead guest speaker on February 22, 2011. Dr. Schoenbohm is currently the Practice Leader at the Nashville Zen Center. She has taught philosophy at the University of the South and Penn State University, and she teaches Buddhism in the religious Studies Program at Vanderbilt.

Dr. Schoenbohm’s talk was about the history, philosophy, and practices of Buddhism. She explained that there are different forms of Buddhism with different understandings of its teachings. Zen Buddhism is a form of Ch’an which practices Dhyana, sitting meditation, to learn the teachings of Buddha which can not be learned through words or doctrine. Like Buddha, enlightenment can be gained through meditation practices. She brought with her a statue of Buddha and explained in Zen philosophy it is a symbol of meditation. In other Buddhist traditions the statue of Buddha is revered in veneration of the enlightenment experience. However, Buddha is not considered a god and did not claim divinity.

Buddhism was born in Northern India and the early practices drew upon Hindu worship. As it spread throughout Asia, it took different routes and developed different forms. The early teachings of Buddha were transmitted orally and memorized by nuns and monks. Later they were written down but ultimately there were many variations in the teachings. There are two major branches of Buddhism, Theravada, and Mahayana. Mahayana tradition includes seated meditation and does not focus on the writings, but emphasizes what Buddha himself practiced. Practice undergirds all of the teachings. The most important truth in Buddhism is the realization that everything is impermanent. After all of Buddha’s seeking, he could not find anything that lasts forever.

Buddha was a Prince, Siddhartha Gautama, who was destined to be a holy man. His father did not want this so he protected him with a lavish lifestyle and kept him sheltered from the world. One day Buddha wonders from the palace and sees poverty, disease, old age, and death. He is inspired to understand suffering and goes on a spiritual journey in which he develops a philosophy based on Four Noble Truths. The First Noble Truth is called Dukkha meaning bitterness of life and its dissatisfying nature as it is always undergoing impermanence. The Second Noble Truth is the cause of life’s dissatisfactions, clinging to impermanent things. The Third Noble Truth is Nirvana. It is the cure for clinging and leads to freedom from entanglement with impermanent things. Seated meditation, as Buddha practiced, is itself enlightenment. The Fourth Noble Truth is the Eightfold Path, the practice of right thought and finding a balance.

During her talk, Dr. Schoenbohm led a short meditation session for the group. We focused on straight posture, breathing, and freeing our minds from thoughts. By practicing a lot, she told us, we can quiet our minds from fears, hopes, desires, and expectations. Through meditation we can develop understanding and compassion by realizing that we are all interconnected and that loss is inevitable.